Ss-31

SS-31 (also referenced as elamipretide or MTP-131) is a synthetic, mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2) in the Szeto-Schiller aromatic-cationic peptide family. It is used in laboratory research on mitochondrial bioenergetics, inner-membrane lipid biology, and oxidative-stress signaling.
Studied for (preclinical / in vitro research):
• Selective binding to cardiolipin, a phospholipid concentrated in the inner mitochondrial membrane, via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions (PNAS, PMC)
• Stabilization of the cardiolipin–cytochrome c interaction, favoring electron-carrier activity over cytochrome c peroxidase activity, in biochemical and cell-based assays (PubMed)
• Preservation of inner-membrane cristae architecture and electron transport chain supercomplex organization in cell and tissue models (eLife)
• Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) output and ATP synthesis efficiency in ischemia-reperfusion and oxidative-stress cell culture models (PMC)
• Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation and cytochrome c release in preclinical injury models (PMC)
• Age-related mitochondrial proton leak and cardiomyocyte redox state in aged-animal models (eLife)

For Laboratory Research Use Only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not a drug, dietary supplement, or cosmetic. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Not for in-vivo use of any kind outside of a controlled research setting. Keep out of reach of children. By purchasing, you certify that you are a qualified researcher or research institution acquiring this product solely for in vitro laboratory research, and that you accept sole responsibility for compliance with all applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations.