KPV

KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the C-terminal tripeptide fragment of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It is used in cell culture and animal-model research on intracellular inflammatory signaling and intestinal epithelial biology.
Studied for (preclinical / in vitro research):
• Inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation via stabilization of IκB-α and interference with IκB kinase activation, in intestinal epithelial and immune cell models (PMC, PMC)
• Modulation of MAP kinase (ERK/JNK/p38) signaling and downstream pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) expression in stimulated cell lines (PMC)
• Cellular uptake via the PepT1 (SLC15A1) di/tripeptide transporter in intestinal epithelial cells (PMC)
• Colonic inflammation markers (myeloperoxidase activity, histological severity, disease activity index) in DSS- and TNBS-induced murine colitis models, including in melanocortin-1-receptor-deficient (MC1Re/e) mice, indicating effects at least partly independent of MC1R signaling (PubMed)
• Nanoparticle and hydrogel-based oral delivery formulations in murine ulcerative colitis models (PMC)

For Laboratory Research Use Only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not a drug, dietary supplement, or cosmetic. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Not for in-vivo use of any kind outside of a controlled research setting. Keep out of reach of children. By purchasing, you certify that you are a qualified researcher or research institution acquiring this product solely for in vitro laboratory research, and that you accept sole responsibility for compliance with all applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations.